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Japan is an island country in East Asia, located in the northwest Pacific Ocean. It is an archipelago of 6,852 islands, stretching along the eastern coast of the Asian continent. The four largest islands are Honshu, Hokkaido, Kyushu, and Shikoku, which together make up about 97% of Japan's land area.

Geography: Japan's terrain is mostly mountainous, with rugged coastlines and numerous volcanoes. The Japanese Alps run down the center of Honshu, the largest island. Japan is located in a seismically active zone known as the "Ring of Fire," and experiences frequent earthquakes and volcanic activity. The climate varies significantly from north to south, ranging from humid continental in Hokkaido to humid subtropical in Kyushu.

Population: Japan has a population of over 126 million people, with a high population density, especially in urban areas along the coast. The Greater Tokyo Area is the most populous metropolitan area in the world, with over 37 million residents.

Government: Japan is a constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary system. The Emperor of Japan is the symbolic head of state, while the Prime Minister is the head of government. The legislature, called the National Diet, consists of two houses: the House of Representatives and the House of Councillors.

Economy: Japan has the third-largest economy in the world by nominal GDP and the fourth-largest by purchasing power parity (PPP). It is a highly developed market economy with strong manufacturing and technology sectors. Major industries include automobiles, electronics, machinery, and chemicals. Japan is a member of the G7 and G20 major economies.

Culture: Japanese culture is rich and diverse, blending ancient traditions with modern influences. Traditional arts such as calligraphy, painting, tea ceremony, and flower arrangement (Ikebana) are still practiced. Japan has a vibrant popular culture, including manga (comics), anime (animation), and video games, which have gained international popularity. Japanese cuisine, known for its emphasis on fresh ingredients and delicate flavors, is recognized worldwide.